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Several industrial and commercial buildings could reach heights of over 60 stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being built, they require equally tall cranes to be able to transport the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes which have their own vehicle connected or other kinds that are operated from the back of trucks. Tower cranes are the largest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are usually found on high-rise building projects. Often, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. When new construction such as apartment buildings and skyscrapers and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, odds are a crane would be on site.
Types
The two major kinds of cranes can be distinguished by the way in which their jib or boom raises materials. The jib is the metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to downward or upward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds can vary from 30 pounds to 10,000 lbs.
Body
The crane's body is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame that is a combination of separate parts. In order to increase the overall height of the equipment, parts are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The driver of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
The crane uses a braided metal cord to lift supplies. This cord extends out from a motor situated next to the control module to the end of the jib or boom. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib that holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when lifting heavy supplies.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a specific type of mobile crane. These cranes use hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are really vital in constructing major projects such as airports, bridges, buildings and roadways. A crane can accomplish in minutes jobs which will normally take many hours and hundreds of men to complete.
The great machines are commonly utilized in the building of cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids in Egypt were probably constructed utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest materials in one of the most amazing construction projects ever.
The very first cranes were established during 3000 B.C. Egypt during King Ramses'' reign. This lifting device was first utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared during Ancient Greece. These mechanism were utilized to build a whole nation during the 5th century B.C.
Originally, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers constructing dockyards decided they required something stronger and larger did these equipments evolve. Hick & Rothwell designed the very first cast iron cranes within Bolton, England, in the year 1834. This equipment was capable of lifting as much as 2 tons. That same year, wire ropes were added to the crane by an Official of the German Superior Board, Herr Albert Sr. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
Eventually, the wire ropes were weaved together to be able to form an even more powerful strength. This wire formation also brought the added advantage of flexibility. Germany began to build cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane made by Germany was built within Neuburg.
