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The center of gravity and the stability triangle is one of the key basic operating factors. One of the hardest things for a lift truck operator to determine is the importance of maintaining their center of gravity within their stability triangle.
The Stability Triangle
A forklift has a 3-point suspension system. The stability triangle is created when imaginary lines are drawn between these three points. The operator should ensure that the center of gravity, that is made, along with his load and the machine itself, remains in the stability triangle so as to prevent the forklift from losing balance and tipping over.
Centers of Gravity
How do you define the center of gravity? When in regards to lift truck operation, we should be concerned not only with the center of gravity of the load being lifted but as well with the combined center of gravity. This comprises the load which is being picked up and the lift truck itself.
The load center is defined as the load's center of gravity. In a uniform load situation, like a bale for instance, the load center could be more easily detected. Like for example, a uniform load on a 48 inch long pallet, will have the load center at twenty four inches. This is a common load center for numerous smaller capacity lift trucks. Then again, if a load is not centered correctly, such as with items which are not symmetrical, perhaps an engine for instance, then great caution and care must be taken in order to estimate the center of gravity.
Furthermore, the lift truck has a center of gravity of its own. This shifts each and every time the lift truck carries a load. When the load is raised, the center of gravity shifts forward. A lot of care must be taken so as to maintain the center of gravity within the forklift's stability triangle. This occurs by following the numbers and not carrying over the maximum allowable, given the center of the load. As well, the load center must be considered. Be aware that whenever lifting the load, the load center also shifts forward.
Lift trucks or forklifts are powered industrial trucks which are typically used in the moving and lifting of supplies for various applications. These machinery are commonly used within the mining, construction, dockside and warehousing operations.
The forklift could be called by a lot of different names, depending on their uses. A few different examples of these names include: lift trucks, stacker trucks, trailer loaders and fork trucks. These kinds of machines are used all around the world, mostly within the warehousing and manufacturing industry.
In the mid 19th century and the start of the 20th century, the first forklifts made their debut during the building of the Pennsylvania railroad in the year 1906. At that time, platform trucks were introduced to help in moving products. These very first platform trucks were battery powered. The trucks regained their popularity during WWI when extreme shortage of labor occurred due to all the enlisted men. This is when forklifts truly arrived on the market to stay.
For forklifts, there are basically 2 kinds: ones which handle light cargo and the ones which deal with heavier loads. Lighter models will comprise: side loaders, towing tractors, hand pallet trucks and walkie starters. These kinds of machinery are meant for handling lighter cargo and they are not suitable for extremely heavy loads. The equipment's specific load capacity is posted on the machine itself and in the owner's handbook. Some examples of the big truck types include: walkie order picking trucks, truck mounted forklifts and telescopic handlers.
